PREVAL Bulletin Nº10 on Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation (PM&E) / January - March 2008

TABLE OF CONTENTS
PRESENTATION

Monitoring and Evaluation approaches today consider it key to build capacities among the entire range of stakeholders in a development intervention, as this leads to more effective management and creates social learning that contribute to ensure sustainability both in community efforts and public policy.  Within this line of thought, PREVAL has focused during the last 10 years on the strengthening of the evaluation capacity of project and programme technical units struggling against rural poverty in Latin America and the Caribbean. While there has been significant progress in this area, there are still challenges to be met in terms of institutionalising the M&E as described above, particularly to contribute to the strengthening of local capacities from a multi-stakeholder perspective.

A significant lesson learned is that the use and quality of outputs should respond to the daily needs and concerns of stakeholders (rural communities and CBOs, project implementing units and representatives of government agencies), based on each stakeholder’s specific role, while at the same time taking into account that the community and its organisations are key subjects for change and self-change.

A further lesson learned is that internal M&E systems -developed by project and programme implementing units- work better if organisational management arrangements are made beforehand (operational framework is put in place, with specified M&E roles and responsibilities, and human and financial resources, as well as team work).

To provide information on progress and challenges faced in institutionalising evaluation capacity, PREVAL’s Electronic Newsletter 10 features a special presentation on “Monitoring and Evaluation Systems,” with recommended literature – within the limited material available on the subject – on how to assess these systems and what are the critical dimensions and factors that should be taken into account.  It includes five articles on good practice developed by those responsible for the M&E Units of IFAD co-funded projects, to convey a number of in-house evaluation experiences, as well as their achievements and challenges.  This number also features its usual sections, “PREVAL in Action” and “Communities and Networks,” as well as information on upcoming relevant courses and job opportunities.

We hope that the e-newsletter will help develop evaluation further as a key tool for social learning.


Emma Rotondo
PREVAL Coordinator
www.preval.org

“Networking to build stronger M&E capacity”

Important Notice:
If you do not wish to continue receiving the PREVAL e-Newsletter, send the following message to preval4@desco.org.pe: “Unsubscribe newsletter.”
 

PREVAL IN ACTION

1.- PREVAL 2008 – NEW PHASE

We are pleased to announce that PREVAL will continue operating through 2008, supported by a new grant provided by IFAD to implement the project Strengthening of Government Monitoring and Evaluation Systems for Rural Development Projects and Programmes in Latin America and the Caribbean, to be implemented within the framework of an agreement between IFAD and the Centre for the Study and Promotion of Development (DESCO), based in Lima, Peru.  The new project’s aims and activities will include:

(a) Supporting the development and implementation of participatory M&E systems for government run rural development projects and programmes, through rapid assessments of the status of their existing M&E systems, and helping to put in place and implement more relevant and innovative M&E methodologies, such as image-based M&E.

(b) Developing capacity building tools and activities for the development, use and communication of relevant information. Support will be provided to capacity building activities in evaluation, including baseline studies and participatory outcome and impact assessments and self-evaluations, within the framework of a results-based management approach.  Support will be provided to policy dialogue activities with government bodies on results-based management related issues.

(c) Creating a Regional Monitoring and Evaluation Platform with regional and international partners working in rural development, based on a shared agenda. Key activities will include the development of learning communities, thematic newsletters and, depending on the assets and resources available to PREVAL, a new website, a community of evaluators specialising in rural development and a joint electronic network.

For further information, contact preval@desco.org.pe.

2.- SUMMARY OF PREVAL 2004-2007

During Phase 3 (2004 through 2007), PREVAL has mainly focused on providing training for technical teams in implementing agencies of IFAD co-funded projects, to build their capacity in the development of participatory Planning, Monitoring, Evaluation and Systematisation systems (PMES) in anti rural poverty projects.  These activities are implemented in partnership with regional institutions and a community of evaluators specialising in this area.

The most outstanding outcomes as a result of  PREVAL’s Phase 3 include:

(a) Evaluation capacity built in 27 projects in the development and implementation of PMES systems, with different results, depending on each project’s current cycle.  A survey conducted in 2007 with the heads and managers of the projects’ Monitoring & Evaluation Units (MEUs), showed that 57 percent have highly institutionalised PMES systems in place, while 43 percent have medium-range institutionalised systems.  This suggests that the M&E instruments and tools are built into the projects’ management and decision-making processes, and are adequately budgeted and resourced.

(b) Results and Impact Management System (RIMS)
IFAD encourages projects to take on an impact and learning oriented management approach in the struggle against rural poverty, to achieve a set of sustainable changes in people’s living conditions.  PREVAL has provided technical assistance and training to enable project technical teams to conduct an impact survey with indicators included in  the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).  Projects that have completed impact surveys to date include PRODESEC (Nicaragua), PRODEVER (Guatemala), PRONADEL (Honduras), and NGABE & BUGLE (Panama), and those that are still conducting the fieldwork and drafting their reports include CONAFOR (Mexico) and CIARA/BARLOVENTO (Venezuela).

(c) Strategic partnerships for results-based management in governments and projects
One of the results expected from PREVAL during Phase 3 was to develop partnerships and engage with existing networks and associations on M&E to promote best practice and develop a shared approach.  Agreements were signed to this end with the following agencies working in capacity building for rural development:

  • FIDAMERICA
    PREVAL promoted together with FIDAMERICA the systematisation of experiences in IFAD co-funded projects, and jointly developed a qualified supply of technical services (some 30 consultants) working in the area of capacity building in evaluation and facilitation of social processes in Latin America and the Caribbean.  A review of PREVAL and FIDAMERICA’s joint Methodological Guidelines was published together with a relevant Field Guide. To view these guides, go to the websites of  FIDAMERICA www.fidamerica.org and PREVAL www.preval.org
  • ALLIANCE FOR ANDEAN CHANGE PROJECT - CIP-CIAT/CGIAR. The Alliance for Andean Change Project, which promotes technological innovation, has PREVAL as one of its strategic partners, providing support to them in evaluating the outcomes and impact of participatory methods used within the framework of social, technical and organisational innovations with poor farmers in the Andean regions of Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, and Peru.  A multi-disciplinary team led by the International Potato Centre and PREVAL – together with the University of San Simon in Cochabamba (Bolivia) - has been set up, and Guidelines are being developed on how to conduct baseline studies, and outcome and impact evaluations. In addition, outcome and impact evaluations are being conducted on the participatory methodologies used by the PBA Corporation in Colombia and MARENASS in Peru.
  • RIO PLUS (GTZ Honduras & TROCAIRE)
    PREVAL partnered up with the Rio Plus project, run by the German Technical Cooperation Agency (GTZ) and TROCAIRE, to implement the project, ‘Capacity Building in Impact Monitoring (FOCAMI)’.  The project is made up of three training packages that were implemented during 2006 and 2007 with the involvement of professionals working in rural development projects as part of the Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS) in Honduras.
  • Intercooperation’s ASOCAM Platform
    An agreement was signed to i) make use of existing organisational learning opportunities that might be of interest, such as publications, seminars, presence and online training events, etc.; ii) give access to relevant information and training to the community of consultants in each organisation; iii) gain access and have mechanisms in place to disseminate a joint data base on the supply of technical services available for capacity building in PMES; and iv) share best practice to build capacity in impact-oriented monitoring, evaluation and systematisation.

(d) National and regional evaluation networks and associations
Support was provided to the evaluation community in the region for the hosting of several events, including the First ReLAC Conference (Lima, October 2004); the Second Conference of the Central American Evaluation Network (Honduras, 2005), the Second ReLAC Conference (Bogota, July 2007), as well as to several national evaluation networks.  The aim is to establish quality evaluation standards in the region and create democratic opportunities for technical exchange among evaluation professionals.  A further key aim is to provide access to these opportunities to the M&E Unit members of IFAD co-funded projects, thereby enabling them to disseminate good practice.

(e) PREVAL Publications
From its inception in 1997, PREVAL has been disseminating good M&E practice and tools to make them available to the community of evaluators and anti-rural poverty projects, while at the same time becoming a M&E knowledge centre.  The PREVAL website (www.preval.org) draws together a number of materials in English and Spanish.  For information on PREVAL materials, contact preval3@desco.org.pe.  PREVAL has also developed a number of conceptual and methodological texts, including the following:

  • Sondeo de Necesidades de Asistencia Técnica y Capacitación en Seguimiento y Evaluación [“An Assessment of Technical Assistance and Training Needs in Monitoring and Evaluation”], PREVAL, January 2005.
  • Impacto en la reducción de la pobreza rural: cuatro experiencias ilustrativas [“Impact on the reduction of rural poverty:  four illustrative experiences”],  PREVAL/IFAD 2004, 152 pp. 
  •  Biblioteca electrónica sobre Gestión orientada a Resultados e Impacto [“E-Library on Results and Impact Oriented Management”], PREVAL, August 2005.
  • Factores económicos asociados a la nutrición e impacto de programas de reducción de la pobreza en la desnutrición de países en desarrollo. Una revisión sistemática [“Economic issues associated with nutrition and impact of anti-poverty programmes on malnutrition in developing countries. A systematic review”], PREVAL, February 2006.
  • Breve Guía: conceptos clave de Seguimiento y Evaluación de Programas y Proyectos [“A Brief Guide to Key Concepts in Programme and Project Monitoring and Evaluation”], Verónica Viñas and Ada Ocampo, revised version in Spanish and English, 2006.
  • Estudios de Base: Fundamentos de una gestión por resultados [“Baseline Studies:  The Foundations of Results Based Management”], Jorge Rodríguez Sosa, Emma Rotondo, and Gloria Vela, PREVAL/IFAD, First Edition, June 2007. 
  • El Seguimiento y la Evaluación por Imágenes. Herramientas para el Aprendizaje en Desarrollo Rural [“Image-Based Monitoring and Evaluation. Learning Tools for Rural Development”], Carlos Gutiérrez and Emma Rotondo, PREVAL/IFAD and Southern Highlands Project (Peru), First Edition, July 2007. 
  • Sistematización de experiencias locales de Desarrollo Rural. Guía metodológica revisada y aumentada [“Systematisation of local experiences in Rural Development. Revised and augmented methodological guidelines”], Julio Berdegué, German Escobar, and Ada Ocampo, FIDAMERICA & PREVAL, May 2007. 
  •  “Institucionalización del Seguimiento y Evaluación en los proyectos cofinanciados por el FIDA en América Latina. Resultados de los sondeos a directores y responsables de USE 2004 y 2007 [“Institutionalising Monitoring and Evaluation in IFAD co-funded projects in Latin America.  Survey results with M&E Unit heads and managers 2004 and 2007”], Daniel Jesus, and Antonio Pozo, PREVAL, December 2007.

We are also pleased to announce the upcoming publication of the E-Library, Desarrollo de la Capacidad Evaluativa. Antología, reflexiones, guías y buenas prácticas [“Building Evaluation Capacity. Anthology, Reflections, Guidelines, and Good Practice”], featuring some 70 articles in Spanish, English and Portuguese, as well as useful links developed by Rogelio Silva with the support of Daniel Brandao, from Instituto Fonte in Brazil.  In addition, a publication entitled ‘Guía organizacional para el desarrollo de la capacidad evaluativa’ [“Organisational Guidelines for capacity building in evaluation”] is being developed by Brenda Bucheli, Rusty Biñas and Emma Rotondo and will be presented shortly, with self-assessment tools to enable government and grassroots organisations to strengthen their evaluation capacities.

(f) Public Services Provided by PREVAL

Website: available in Spanish and English, this resource focuses on Monitoring and Evaluation for Rural Development.  It features an e-library, a section on Good Practice and comprehensive, updated information on courses and events in the region. See www.preval.org

Electronic Network:  A forum aimed at informing, building capacity and disseminating information on M&E for rural development, targeted at social managers, government representatives, evaluators, and project technical teams.  From some 450 members in 2004, by December 2007membership had increased to 2,000 members.  For information and to join, contact preval@desco.org.pe

Data Base on Technical Resources: From its inception, PREVAL has had several directories of professionals working in Monitoring and Evaluation in Latin America and the Caribbean, to liaise between the supply and demand of M&E services.  It currently features BANSES, a data base for people and agencies, who are encouraged to join free of charge by accessing the PREVAL website: www.preval.org
 

NOTES ON PROGRAMMES, COMMUNITIES AND NETWORKS

International Development Evaluation Association (IDEAS)
To expand its audience and membership among Spanish-speaking evaluators, the International Development Evaluation Association (IDEAS) has launched a Spanish version of its website, www.ideas-int.org.  The website in Spanish will basically work along the lines of the IDEAS central website and will contain the same key elements, but will also develop its own contents when the time comes, based on members’ contributions and inputs.  The IDEAS Board expects that this effort will lead to an increase in the number of IDEAS members in Spanish-speaking countries, increased involvement and contributions by members and improved overall interaction between members.  To view the website in Spanish, go to http://www.geolatina.net/IDEAS/
For more information, contact Alejandro Imbach (imbach@racsa.co.cr), IDEAS Board member (2007-2009).

ASOCAM
The ASOCAM Platform is proud to present its new publication, Empoderamiento: Conceptos y Orientaciones [“Empowerment: Concepts and Orientations”].
It provides practical guidance to help development interventions create an enabling environment to increase opportunities and strengthen capacity among stakeholders, thereby empowering them.  It addresses the issue from three different (social, political, and economic) thematic standpoints, and tries to address two guiding questions: ‘how have stakeholders managed to empower themselves and what were the main factors contributing to this?’ and ‘how have development institutions or service providers and local governments created enabling conditions for reducing inequality and fostering the empowerment of vulnerable stakeholders?’  A chapter with inputs on the monitoring of empowerment is also included in this publication.
View the publication at:
http://www.asocam.org/biblioteca/ASO_RA_Empoderamiento.pdf

EVALPERU
The Peruvian Monitoring and Evaluation Network (EVALPeru) has just launched its new website (www.evalperu.org.pe), a forum aimed at promoting the dissemination and sharing of different activities being carried out by the network.  It features the following sections: About Us, Current Membership, What do we Do? What do we have to Offer? Whom do we Engage with? as well as other links of interest.  Kallpachaq Newsletter Number 5 has also been recently published, with two articles for reflection and two experiences shared by network members at the monthly exchanges scheduled by the network. For more information, contact EvalPeru at:   cc_evalperu@yahoo.com

Regional Competition “Women against Poverty”
The Bolivian association Inca Pallay and the Peruvian association for the production and marketing of llama meat Aswank'ari were selected today as best Andean undertakings within the framework of the First Regional Competition, “Women in the Struggle against Poverty,” held in La Paz.  Other competing bodies included 10 women’s associations from Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, and Bolivia.  The competition was sponsored by the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), the German Technical Cooperation Agency (GTZ), and the Andean Development Corporation (CAF), in partnership with other development agencies, local authorities and private companies.
 

SPECIAL FEATURE ON "M&E SYSTEMS"

This number’s feature article focuses on Monitoring & Evaluation Systems, which are essentially made up of data collection and use processes to create evidence on results and thus inform the strategies of projects and programmes, while at the same time encouraging learning among multiple stakeholders.  With this in mind, the first part provides a list of selected literature on the issue, both in Spanish and English and by date of publication, while the second part presents five examples of Good Practice found in the monitoring & evaluation systems of IFAD co-funded projects in the region.

6.1 SELECTED LITERATURE

Institucionalización del Seguimiento y Evaluación en Proyectos cofinanciados por el FIDA en América Latina y el Caribe. Informe de los resultados de los sondeos 2004 y 2007 [“Institutionalisation of Monitoring and Evaluation in IFAD co-funded Projects in Latin America and the Caribbean.  Report on survey results 2004 and 2007”],  Daniel Jesús Ccori and Antonio Pozo, PREVAL, December 2007.
A document prepared by the PREVAL Coordination Unit to interpret the results of two surveys conducted in 2004 and 2007 with the managers and heads of project M&E Units, on the Planning, Monitoring, Evaluation and Systematisation (PMES) functions of their M&E systems and whether these operate systemically.  The research is also a proposal to evaluate the PMES systems and measure their performance against the approach developed by PREVAL and IFAD.  The document is available in Spanish and English.  http://www.preval.org/documentos/resumen_ejecutivo_institucionalizacion[1].english_08.pdf

Fortalecimiento de los sistemas de monitoreo y evaluación (M&E) en América Latina (Proyecto CLAD-Banco Mundial): Informes nacionales. Boletín Reforme No. 220 [Strengthening of Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) Systems in Latin America
(a CLAD / World Bank project): Country reports. Reforme Newsletter No. 220], Latin American Centre for Development Administration (CLAD), December 2007.
This number of the “Reforme” newsletter features a review of the publication, “Strengthening of Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) Systems in Latin America (a CLAD – World Bank Project): Country reports.”  The publication specifies the results of Phase 1 of the CLAD – World Bank Project, which comprised the development of 12 country reports with their respective validation processes vis-à-vis those responsible for M&E systems.  The purpose of the studies was to identify the strengths and challenges facing country M&E systems and make recommendations on how to institutionalise them further.  The book is available in Spanish only.  For more information, go to the link of CLAD’s Reforme Newsletter at http://www.clad.org.ve/boletin/boletin220.html

¿Cómo instituir la Capacidad en Seguimiento y Evaluación?: “Lecciones Aprendidas en el Desarrollo de la Capacidad Evaluativa para la Lucha Contra la Pobreza Rural de un Programa  Regional” [“How can Capacity be Built in Monitoring and Evaluation? Lessons Learned by a Regional Programme in Building Evaluation Capacity for the Struggle against Rural Poverty”], Emma Rotondo, PREVAL, July 2007.
This document was presented at the Second ReLAC Conference in Bogota, Colombia, in July 2007 as part of the panel, “Evaluation and Rural Development.” It comprises four parts.  The first part describes a range of M&E approaches and functions, followed by a definition of what M&E systems are.  Part 3 assesses the degree of institutionalisation of M&E systems, while part 4 provides a number of lessons learned on the role of M&E systems, the building of evaluation capacity, and factors for success and failure.  The publication is available in Spanish.  http://www.preval.org/documentos/2252.doc
 
Evaluación de Proyectos de Desarrollo Local. Enfoques, métodos y procedimientos [Evaluation of Local Development Projects.  Approaches, Methods, and Processes], Jorge Rodríguez and Molvina Zeballos, July 2007.
This publication is a result of the experience made by the Evaluation Capacity Building Programme being run by DESCO during the last few years, supported by project technicians in Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru, within the framework of the initiative with integrated project sets being promoted by the W.K. Kellog Foundation in Latin America.  The book puts forward a methodological proposal, and presents theoretical and methodological tools from a range of sources for practitioners to define their own work paths.  To view the entire document in Spanish, go to 
http://www.desco.org.pe/apc-aa-files/d38fb34df77ec8a36839f7aad10def69/libro_kellogg.pdf

Los  Sistemas de Seguimiento y Evaluación: Enfoques, pasos para su diseño y factores de éxito [“Monitoring and Evaluation Systems:  Approaches, steps for developing them, and success factors”], PREVAL, June 2007.
This paper outlines the conceptual and methodological foundations that have been built and adjusted by PREVAL with regard to PMES systems, in consultation with its members.  The first part addresses M&E approaches and conceptual framework.  The second part outlines a number of steps for developing M&E systems that were suggested by a community of evaluators that came together in 2005, who also came up with a shared definition of capacity building and identified success and failure factors in implementing M&E systems.  To view the complete document in Spanish go to http://www.preval.org/documentos/bp0012.doc 

How to Build M&E Systems to Support Better Government, Keith Mackay, World Bank, 2007.
This book, published by the World Bank’s Independent Evaluation Group (IEG), seeks to convey the experience of a group of countries that are conducting experiences to build capacity in developing monitoring and evaluation systems.  The research addresses, amongst other issues, i) countries that have successful M&E systems in place, including Chile, Australia, and Colombia; ii) a situation analysis in Africa; iii) a checklist for improving government M&E systems and increasing evaluation demand; iii) how much should a government invest in evaluation?; iv) what is a reasonable number of performance indicators?; and v) how to make sure that findings are used in the budgeting process?  The document is available in English only. 
To view the document go to  http://www.worldbank.org/ieg/ecd/docs/How_to_build_ME_gov.pdf

Strengthening of Monitoring and Evaluation Systems. Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund, Khadija Khan, Islamabad, June 2003.
This article describes the concept of ‘M&E system’ and points out that the main focus is on management. It highlights the need for and usefulness of setting standards and automatising M&E.  The article was written as a result of an effort to define and express management concepts based on contemporary theories and personal experiences.  Key issues addressed include i) Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation for Development; ii) characteristics of a M&E system; iii) strategies for strengthening M&E systems; and iv) making a M&E system work.  The document is available in English only. http://www.preval.org/documentos/b10.1.doc

Método para el Análisis Rápido Concentrado (MARCO) de Sistemas de Seguimiento y Evaluación [Method for Concentrated Rapid Analysis of Monitoring and Evaluation Systems], Osvaldo N. Feinstein, IFAD, 1993.
The author suggests an approach for conducting rapid – and particularly useful – assessments of Monitoring and Evaluation Systems.  An essential feature of this approach is that it does not pretend to be comprehensive; rather, it is specifically focused on issues that, as experience has shown, are of critical importance.  Within this context, the concentrated rapid analysis approach for assessing M&E systems provides guidelines for evaluating and improving M&E systems.  It is a useful tool for activities such as project implementation, monitoring and evaluation.  It is available in Spanish and English.  http://www.preval.org/documentos/marco_onfeinstein.doc

6.2 GOOD PRACTICE

El Diseño del Sistema de Planificación, Seguimiento, Evaluación y Sistematización del PRODAP-II El Salvador [Developing a Planning, Monitoring, Evaluation and Systematisation System for PRODAP II in El Salvador], Carmen Alicia Valle, PRODAP II, El Salvador, 2007.
This document dwells on the process of developing a planning, monitoring, evaluation and systematisation system for PRODAP II, and focuses on the characteristics of a PMES system, the range of stakeholders involved in its development, the mechanisms used to encourage the involvement of the PRODAP technical unit staff, strategies used to promote the involvement of users of the M&E system; and of course lessons learned along the process.  The document is available in Spanish only. To view the text go to:  http://www.preval.org/documentos/bpb10.3.doc

El Proyecto Desarrollo del Corredor Puno Cusco: “Facilitando accesos y generando oportunidades para superar la pobreza rural” [Development of the Puno – Cusco Corridor Project: ‘Facilitating accesses and creating opportunities for defeating rural poverty’], Luis Palma, Cusco – Puno Corridor Project, Cusco, 2007.
This article was written by Luis Palma, responsible for the M&E area of the Cusco – Puno Corridor Project, who reproduces some of the lessons learned as a result of the Planning, Monitoring, Evaluation and Systematisation (PMES) System of the project, including the leading role of users in the project cycle and their monitoring as a key tool for measuring change; knowledge management; and using Geo-referential Information Systems (GIS) for project monitoring.  The article highlights, amongst other issues, the use of audio-visual technology as a useful tool for visualising change in producers’ strategies.  To view the document go to: http://www.preval.org/documentos/bpb10.4.doc

“Sensibilizando y Aprendiendo Participativamente: el Sistema de Seguimiento y Evaluación del PROSALAFA” [“Raising Awareness and Learning in a Participatory Manner: the PROSALAFA Monitoring and Evaluation System”], Rosmary Gonzalez and Alba Mary Delgado, CIARA-PROSALAFA, Venezuela, 2007.
This article describes the path taken by the PROSALAFA project, run by the Foundation for Training and Research Applied to Agrarian Reform (CIARA), Venezuela, to build a participatory approach into the project planning, monitoring, evaluation and systematisation activities, while at the same time triggering an awareness-raising and thinking process on a Culture of Evaluation to improve and create new learnings.  The article highlights the initial conditions, the process and the results of applying the system, and gives an overview of results obtained and lessons learned.  The article is available in Spanish only.  View the document at: http://www.preval.org/documentos/bpb10.5.pdf

El Seguimiento y Evaluación en los Sistemas Productivos Campesinos y su Articulación con el Sistema de Seguimiento y Evaluación Institucional – Una Experiencia a Compartir del Proyecto Manejo de Recursos Naturales en la Sierra Sur (MARENASS) Perú [The Monitoring and Evaluation of Peasant Production Systems and their Feeding into the Organisational Monitoring and Evaluation System – An Experience to be Shared by the Management of Natural Resources in the Southern Highlands Project (MARENASS), Peru], Antonieta Noli and Teófilo Zamalloa, 2007.
This document highlights the fact that M&E activities have been conducted by the MARENASS project, run by the Ministry of Agriculture in Peru, at two levels: at a community level and within the organisation itself. At a community level, the research describes how peasant families understand and interpret their realities and the management of their territory by using a “participatory community appraisal” approach, how they understand peasant planning and how they assess change in their livelihoods.  At an organisational level, M&E activities are initiated through regular meetings attended by community promoters who act as a sort of bridge between the community and the project.  The document is available in Spanish only.  View the document at:  http://www.preval.org/documentos/bpb10.6.doc

Algunas lecciones aprendidas generadas a partir de la experiencia de la implementación y coordinación de una USE de un proyecto FIDA [“A number of lessons learned as a result of the experience with implementing and managing the MEU of an IFAD supported project”], Rafael Sarno Altamirano, December 2007.
This document describes a number of lessons learned as a result of the experience made by the author at the Monitoring and Evaluation Unit (MEU) of an IFAD supported project.  The document highlights the participatory development of the M&E system, the significance of being a useful unit for project components, and its insertion in the daily implementation of work, creating opportunities for thinking together with the implementing unit’s staff at key moments.  The document is available in Spanish only and can be viewed by accessing the following link: http://www.preval.org/documentos/bpb10.7.doc